Background
The differentiation and activation of monocytes (MO) and monocytic cells is modulated by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Vitamin D3). Recently, using mRNA Differential Display technology, Fritsche J, et al have identified a gene which is induced in freshly isolated human blood MO that are cultured for 4 hours with Vitamin D3 (1). This cDNA encodes a putative 16.5 kD protein. The product of this gene has structural homology with yeast MMS2p and human CROC-1), which defines a structurally and functionally conserved Ubc-like protein family (2). This protein was called Ubiquitin E2 variant (UBE2V2) or MMS2 (methyl methanesulfonate sensitive 2). The yeast UEV protein, Mms2, is required together with Ubc13 for RAD6/RAD18-dependent postreplicative DNA repair in yeast (3). These proteins also play a central role in the assembly of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains (4,5) UEV/Ubc complexes have been implicated in the assembly of Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains that act as a novel signal in postreplicative DNA repair and IkBa kinase activation. Recent crystal structure analysis provides direct evidence that the Mms2/Ubc13 heterodimer is necessary for DNA repair (6,7).

Antigen
This antibody was generated by immunizing rabbit with a mixture of synthetic peptides containing amino acids 12-28 of human UBE2V2.

Genebank Info (Protein)
NP_003341

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Reference
1. Broomfield S., Chow B.L. and Xiao W. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95:5678-5683 (1998).
2. Deng L., Wang C., Spencer E., Yang L., Braun A., You J., Slaughter C., Pickart C. and Chen Z.J. Cell, 103:351-361 (2000).
3. Fritsche J, Rehli M, Krause SW, Andreesen R and Kreutz M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 235 (2), 407-412 (1997).
4. Xiao W, Lin SL, Broomfield S , Chow BL and Wei YF. Nucleic Acids Res. 26 (17), 3908-3914 (1998).
5. Ulrich H.D. and Jentsch S. EMBO J., 19:3388- 3397 (2000).
6. Moraes,T.F., Edwards,R.A., McKenna,S., Pastushok,L., Xiao,W., Glover,J.N. and Ellison,M.J. NatureStructural Biol. 8 (8), 669-673 (2001).
7. VanDemark AP, Hofmann RM, Tsui C, Pickart CM, Wolberger C. Cell 105(6): 711-20 (2001).