Background
Principal Names: Androgen receptor (dihydrotestosterone receptor; testicular feminization; spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; Kennedy disease) Official Gene Symbol: AR Gene ID: 367 (Human) Gene Map Locus: Xq11.2-q12 (Human) Androgen Receptor is a member of the steroid/nuclear receptor protein superfamily, functioning as a steroid-hormone (androgen) activated transcription factor. The protein has four major functional regions: the N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD), a central DNA-binding domain (DBD), a C-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD), and a hinge region connecting the DBD and LBD. The receptor upon binding with the ligand, androgen dihydrotestosterone, dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and binds to the androgen-response elements, thereby activating genes involved in cell growth and proliferation. The transcriptional activity of AR is affected by coregulators like members of the p160 family, ARA70, ARA55, ARA54, ARA267-á, Smad-3, and AIB1 which influence a number of functional properties of AR, including ligand selectivity and DNA binding capacity. The gene is located in the Xq11.2–q12 chromosome and consists of eight exons. The pathological role of the protein has been observed in metastatic prostatrate cancer, infertility male syndrome, Reifenstein syndrome and androgen insensibility syndrome. |
Application Notes
We suggest an incubation period of 30 minutes at room temperature. However, depending upon the fixation conditions and the staining system employed, optimal incubation should be determined by the user. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections require high temperature antigen unmasking with 10 mM citrate buffer, pH 6.0 prior to immunostaining. Specificity: This antibody is specific to a protein of 110 kD, identified as androgen receptor. This antibody reacts with full length of AR and also with the newly described A form of the receptor. This antibody does not cross react with estrogen, progesterone or glucocorticoid receptors. Cellular Localization: Nuclear. |
