Immunology Innate Immunology is the area of immunology which is comprised of cells and molecules which are non- specific to eliciting organism and are mobilized rapidly at initial signs of infection. Over the past 10 years Innate Immunology has become more extensively studied due to Innate Immunology linkage with host defense, importance in autoimmune disease etiology, inflammatory responses, and growing recognition of the importance of Innate Immune Receptors such as Toll-like Receptors, TLRs, which drive and control the adaptive immune response. In the area of innate immunology, response is often mediated through Pattern Recognition Receptors of which the most well-characterized are TLRs. There are at least ten TLRs in humans and thirteen TLRs in mice, although TLR10 is not expressed as a protein in mice due to a retroviral insertion sequence in the C-terminal half.1